Top NBA Stars: Players Born in 2003 & Rising!


Top NBA Stars: Players Born in 2003 & Rising!

Individuals who compete in the National Basketball Association and were born in the year 2003 represent a specific cohort of relatively young professionals within the league. These athletes began their professional careers in the early 2020s, following the completion of their high school or, in some cases, college careers. The success of these individuals depends upon a variety of factors including athletic prowess, skill development, and strategic fit within their respective teams.

The presence of players from this birth year highlights the NBA’s ongoing influx of young talent. Their emergence brings fresh perspectives and capabilities to the league, potentially reshaping team dynamics and competitive strategies. Examining this particular group provides insight into the scouting and developmental systems employed by NBA franchises, as well as the evolving skillset requirements for success at the highest level of professional basketball. Their performance contributes to the league’s narrative of continuous renewal and adaptation.

Further analysis will delve into specific examples of athletes from this generation, examining their individual career trajectories and contributions to their teams. This will offer a more nuanced understanding of the impact these players are having on the current NBA landscape and their potential future roles within the sport.

1. Early Career Development

For individuals born in 2003 who have entered the National Basketball Association, early career development represents a critical foundation influencing their subsequent success. The quality and nature of their formative training, exposure to competitive environments, and access to specialized coaching during their pre-NBA years directly correlate with their preparedness for the professional level. Deficiencies in fundamental skills or strategic understanding established during this developmental phase can present significant obstacles to overcome as they transition to the NBA’s demanding environment. For instance, players who demonstrate advanced court awareness, refined shooting mechanics, or exceptional ball-handling skills upon entering the league frequently benefit from structured and comprehensive early training programs.

The impact of early career development extends beyond technical skills. Exposure to diverse playing styles, tactical approaches, and leadership opportunities during youth and high school basketball significantly shapes a player’s basketball IQ and adaptability. Those who experienced varied coaching philosophies and faced diverse competition are often better equipped to adjust to the strategic nuances and competitive intensity of the NBA. Furthermore, early emphasis on physical conditioning and injury prevention can mitigate risks associated with the rigorous NBA schedule. Examples include athletes who actively participated in strength and conditioning programs from a young age, demonstrating enhanced durability and reduced susceptibility to common basketball-related injuries.

In summary, early career development is a determinant factor in the long-term trajectory of those born in 2003 and now competing in the NBA. A robust foundation characterized by comprehensive skill development, tactical awareness, and physical conditioning increases their likelihood of achieving sustained success. However, recognizing and addressing potential developmental gaps remains a continuous process for these players and their respective teams, requiring dedicated effort and strategic resource allocation throughout their professional careers.

2. Adaptability to NBA

For those born in 2003 entering the National Basketball Association, adaptability is a paramount determinant of career longevity and impact. The transition from high school or college to the professional level presents a significant shift in pace, physicality, and strategic complexity. The ability to rapidly adjust to these new demands distinguishes those who thrive from those who struggle. Athletes from this cohort must contend with seasoned veterans, sophisticated defensive schemes, and an intensified media spotlight. Their capacity to learn from experience, modify playing styles, and embrace new roles dictated by team needs directly influences their integration and contribution to the league. For instance, a player accustomed to being a primary scorer in high school may need to adapt to a more specialized role as a defensive specialist or a facilitator in the NBA. The speed and effectiveness of this adaptation are critical.

Considerations impacting this adaptation include the effectiveness of team developmental programs, mentorship from experienced players, and the individual’s inherent learning aptitude. Organizations that provide targeted skill development, personalized coaching, and supportive team environments can significantly accelerate a player’s adaptation process. Furthermore, veterans who actively mentor younger players, sharing insights into the league’s intricacies and offering guidance on navigating challenges, play a crucial role. However, the onus also lies on the individual player to proactively seek feedback, demonstrate a willingness to learn, and cultivate a resilient mindset to overcome setbacks. Examples include players who actively study game film, solicit advice from coaches and teammates, and dedicate themselves to improving specific areas of their game. This proactive approach is essential for accelerated adaptation.

In conclusion, adaptability represents a crucial component of success for individuals born in 2003 now competing in the NBA. Their ability to navigate the transition from amateur to professional basketball, embrace new roles, and continuously improve their skillset under the pressures of the league significantly shapes their career trajectory. Addressing the challenges associated with this adaptation requires a collaborative effort between the player, team personnel, and experienced mentors. Ultimately, those who demonstrate a strong capacity for adaptation are better positioned to contribute to their respective teams and achieve sustained success in the demanding environment of the National Basketball Association.

3. Role on their teams

For individuals born in 2003 who have transitioned into the National Basketball Association, the assigned role within their respective teams significantly dictates their early career trajectory and potential for sustained success. A player’s role is not merely a function of talent but a complex interplay of skills, team needs, strategic alignment, and developmental opportunity. The specific responsibilities entrusted to these young professionals, whether as primary scorers, defensive specialists, facilitators, or role players, establish the framework for their on-court contributions and influence their overall value to the team. For instance, a player with exceptional defensive instincts may be designated as a perimeter stopper, tasked with containing opposing guards, while another with refined offensive skills may be given the responsibility of creating scoring opportunities for teammates. The effectiveness with which these roles are fulfilled directly impacts team performance and the player’s individual progress.

The impact of the assigned role extends beyond immediate on-court contributions. It shapes developmental priorities, influences playing time allocation, and determines exposure to high-pressure situations. A player designated as a long-term project may receive more developmental resources and patient coaching, whereas one expected to contribute immediately may face greater pressure to perform consistently. Furthermore, the assigned role profoundly impacts a player’s opportunity to showcase their full range of abilities. A defensive specialist, despite possessing latent offensive talent, may have limited chances to demonstrate their scoring prowess. Conversely, a designated scorer may face criticism if their defensive contributions are lacking. Examples exist where players initially assigned limited roles later thrived when given greater responsibility, highlighting the importance of recognizing and nurturing untapped potential.

In summary, the role assigned to those born in 2003 entering the NBA is a critical determinant of their career path. It influences developmental priorities, shapes on-court contributions, and impacts their overall value to the team. Understanding the nuances of these assigned roles is essential for both players and organizations. For players, adapting to and exceeding expectations within their designated role is paramount for career advancement. For organizations, strategic role assignment that aligns with both team needs and individual potential is crucial for maximizing the development and utilization of young talent. Recognizing the dynamic nature of these roles and adapting accordingly is key to achieving sustained success in the competitive landscape of the NBA.

4. Physical Attributes Assessment

The evaluation of physical attributes constitutes a fundamental aspect of scouting and player development concerning individuals born in 2003 who are pursuing or have achieved careers in the National Basketball Association. These assessments, conducted throughout a player’s developmental stages, provide critical data for determining potential, identifying areas for improvement, and projecting future performance at the professional level. The information gleaned from these evaluations informs decisions related to drafting, training regimens, and strategic role assignments.

  • Height and Wingspan

    Height and wingspan are primary indicators of positional suitability and defensive potential. Taller individuals, particularly with longer wingspans, often possess an inherent advantage in rebounding, shot blocking, and contesting shots. For those born in 2003, these measurements are meticulously compared against established norms for their respective positions, influencing perceptions of their long-term prospects. Discrepancies between height and wingspan can also reveal potential limitations or strengths in specific areas of the game. For example, a player with a shorter wingspan may need to compensate with exceptional positioning and anticipation to be effective defensively.

  • Strength and Agility

    Assessments of strength and agility determine a player’s capacity to withstand the physical demands of the NBA and execute complex movements with precision and efficiency. Strength evaluations, often involving weightlifting metrics, indicate a player’s ability to absorb contact, establish position in the post, and compete for rebounds. Agility tests, such as shuttle runs and lane agility drills, gauge a player’s ability to change direction quickly, navigate through traffic, and defend agile opponents. These factors are crucial for individuals born in 2003 seeking to make an immediate impact in the league’s fast-paced and physically demanding environment. Deficiencies in either area can hinder their ability to compete effectively against more established players.

  • Speed and Endurance

    Measurements of speed and endurance provide insights into a player’s ability to sustain high-intensity performance throughout the duration of a game. Speed evaluations, often involving sprint tests over varying distances, assess a player’s ability to run the floor in transition, attack the basket off the dribble, and defend quick opponents. Endurance testing, typically involving prolonged running drills, gauges a player’s ability to maintain energy levels and cognitive focus during extended periods of play. For those born in 2003, demonstrating exceptional speed and endurance can compensate for limitations in other areas, allowing them to make impactful contributions as energy players or defensive specialists. Conversely, deficiencies in these areas can limit their playing time and impact their overall effectiveness.

  • Body Composition

    Analysis of body composition, including muscle mass, body fat percentage, and bone density, provides a comprehensive understanding of a player’s physical development and overall health. These measurements are essential for optimizing training regimens, managing injury risk, and maximizing athletic performance. For those born in 2003, body composition assessments are particularly crucial, as they are still undergoing physical maturation. Monitoring changes in body composition over time allows trainers and coaches to tailor training programs to promote muscle growth, reduce body fat, and enhance overall athleticism. Additionally, identifying potential imbalances or deficiencies can help prevent injuries and optimize long-term health. Players with favorable body composition profiles are generally perceived as having greater potential for sustained success in the NBA.

In summary, the detailed assessment of physical attributes plays a critical role in evaluating individuals born in 2003 as they pursue careers in the NBA. These measurements, encompassing height, wingspan, strength, agility, speed, endurance, and body composition, provide invaluable data for projecting potential, guiding development, and informing strategic decision-making. Continuous monitoring and analysis of these attributes throughout a player’s developmental stages are essential for maximizing their athletic performance and ensuring long-term success in the demanding environment of professional basketball.

5. Impact on Team Strategy

The integration of individuals born in 2003 into National Basketball Association teams necessitates adjustments in existing strategies or the formulation of new ones. The specific impact on team strategy hinges on several factors, including the player’s skill set, positional fit, and developmental stage. For instance, a highly touted rookie possessing exceptional scoring ability may prompt a team to restructure its offensive approach, prioritizing opportunities for that player to showcase their talents. Conversely, a less heralded player with specialized defensive skills may be integrated into a strategy emphasizing perimeter containment or interior protection. The team’s coaching staff must carefully assess the player’s strengths and weaknesses and adapt the existing game plan accordingly. An example of this would be a team with a strong veteran core gradually incorporating a younger player into key offensive sets, allowing them to develop while contributing to the team’s overall success.

The strategic impact of these players also extends to player development initiatives. Recognizing the long-term potential of individuals from this age group, teams often invest in targeted training programs designed to hone specific skills and address identified weaknesses. This may involve assigning specialized coaches, implementing individualized workout routines, or providing opportunities for extensive game film study. Furthermore, the presence of these players can influence the team’s approach to roster construction and free agency. Teams may prioritize acquiring players who complement the skills of their younger prospects or who can serve as mentors to guide their development. The practical significance of this understanding lies in the ability of NBA franchises to effectively manage their resources and build sustainable competitive advantages.

In summary, the integration of individuals born in 2003 into NBA teams necessitates a dynamic and adaptable approach to team strategy. The specific impact varies based on the player’s skill set, positional fit, and developmental stage, but it invariably requires careful assessment, targeted development, and strategic resource allocation. Challenges may arise in balancing the immediate needs of the team with the long-term development of these young players. However, a proactive and informed approach to integrating these individuals into the team’s strategic framework is essential for maximizing their potential and achieving sustained success in the competitive landscape of professional basketball.

6. Performance Metrics Analysis

Performance metrics analysis provides a crucial lens through which to evaluate the contributions and potential of National Basketball Association players born in 2003. This data-driven approach enables objective assessments of player effectiveness, informing strategic decisions related to player development, role assignment, and roster construction.

  • Advanced Statistical Evaluation

    Advanced statistical metrics, such as Player Efficiency Rating (PER), Win Shares, and Value Over Replacement Player (VORP), offer a nuanced understanding of a player’s overall impact beyond traditional box score statistics. For individuals born in 2003, these metrics can reveal hidden strengths or weaknesses that may not be immediately apparent through conventional observation. For example, a player with a high VORP may be contributing significantly to team success despite having modest scoring numbers, indicating a proficiency in areas such as rebounding, defense, or playmaking. These advanced statistics, when analyzed alongside traditional metrics, provide a more holistic assessment of a player’s value.

  • Shooting Efficiency Analysis

    Analyzing shooting efficiency involves examining metrics such as True Shooting Percentage (TS%), Effective Field Goal Percentage (eFG%), and three-point shooting percentage. These metrics provide a deeper understanding of a player’s scoring ability and shot selection. For example, a player with a high TS% demonstrates an ability to score efficiently while minimizing turnovers and drawing fouls, suggesting a refined understanding of offensive principles. Conversely, a player with a low eFG% may be taking inefficient shots or struggling to convert scoring opportunities. Tracking these metrics for players born in 2003 can help identify areas for improvement and inform targeted training programs.

  • Defensive Performance Metrics

    Defensive performance metrics, such as Defensive Rating, Steal Percentage, Block Percentage, and Defensive Win Shares, provide a quantitative assessment of a player’s defensive impact. These metrics offer insights into a player’s ability to disrupt opposing offenses, protect the rim, and generate turnovers. For instance, a player with a high Block Percentage demonstrates exceptional shot-blocking ability, while one with a high Steal Percentage excels at disrupting passing lanes and creating steals. Analyzing these metrics for individuals born in 2003 can help identify defensive specialists and inform strategic decisions related to defensive role assignments.

  • Usage Rate and Playmaking Ability

    Usage rate measures the percentage of team possessions a player utilizes while on the court, providing an indication of their offensive responsibility. Assist percentage quantifies a player’s role in facilitating scoring opportunities for teammates. Examining these metrics in conjunction reveals insights into a player’s offensive style and playmaking ability. For example, a player with a high usage rate and a low assist percentage may be a volume scorer who relies primarily on individual creation, while one with a moderate usage rate and a high assist percentage may be a skilled playmaker who excels at distributing the ball. Analyzing these metrics for players born in 2003 can help determine their suitability for different offensive systems and inform strategic decisions related to offensive role assignments.

The application of performance metrics analysis to players born in 2003 within the NBA facilitates data-driven decision-making across various facets of team operations. By leveraging these metrics, organizations can gain a more objective understanding of player strengths, weaknesses, and overall contributions, thereby optimizing player development, strategic planning, and roster construction. Furthermore, tracking these metrics over time allows teams to monitor player progress, identify emerging trends, and adjust their strategies accordingly, ensuring they maximize the potential of their young talent.

7. Long-term potential evaluation

The assessment of long-term potential constitutes a critical element in evaluating National Basketball Association players born in 2003. This evaluation process transcends immediate performance metrics, focusing instead on predicting a player’s future development and contributions to a team over several seasons. The ability to accurately gauge long-term potential informs critical organizational decisions regarding drafting, player development investments, and strategic roster planning.

  • Projected Skill Development

    Evaluation of long-term potential necessitates assessing a player’s capacity for skill development. This extends beyond current skill level, focusing on the rate and potential for improvement in areas such as shooting accuracy, ball-handling proficiency, and defensive techniques. Scouts and analysts examine factors like work ethic, learning aptitude, and adaptability to new coaching methods. For those born in 2003, early indications of rapid skill acquisition or a demonstrated ability to overcome weaknesses are strong predictors of future success. For example, a player with initially limited shooting range who demonstrates significant improvement through dedicated practice is viewed as having greater long-term potential than one whose skills have plateaued.

  • Physical Maturation and Athletic Development

    The evaluation includes consideration of a player’s physical maturation and athletic development trajectory. For athletes born in 2003, many are still undergoing physical changes, making projections of their future size, strength, and agility essential. Factors such as bone density, muscle growth potential, and susceptibility to injury are carefully considered. A player who exhibits a frame capable of adding significant muscle mass without compromising agility is often viewed as having a higher ceiling than one with a less adaptable physique. Understanding these physical growth patterns is vital to estimate their capacity to compete at the highest level in the future.

  • Leadership Qualities and Intangibles

    Long-term potential assessment incorporates evaluating leadership qualities and intangible attributes that contribute to team success. These factors encompass a player’s attitude, work ethic, coachability, and ability to perform under pressure. Athletes born in 2003 who demonstrate strong leadership skills, such as effectively communicating with teammates, taking responsibility for their actions, and maintaining a positive attitude during adversity, are often deemed to have greater long-term value. These intangible qualities are often challenging to quantify but are vital for building a cohesive and successful team. Demonstrations of leadership at younger ages, like directing teammates effectively in high school, can be suggestive of leadership potential.

  • Injury History and Durability

    Analyzing injury history and assessing overall durability is a crucial aspect of long-term potential evaluation. Players born in 2003 with a history of significant injuries are often viewed with caution, as past injuries can increase the risk of future setbacks and limit their long-term availability. Scouts and medical professionals examine the nature of past injuries, the player’s recovery process, and their adherence to preventative measures. A player with a clean injury history and a demonstrated commitment to physical conditioning is considered a more reliable long-term investment than one with a recurring pattern of injuries.

In conclusion, the long-term potential evaluation of NBA players born in 2003 is a multifaceted process that extends beyond immediate performance metrics. It requires a comprehensive assessment of projected skill development, physical maturation, leadership qualities, and injury history. The accuracy of these evaluations directly impacts a team’s ability to make sound decisions regarding player acquisitions, developmental investments, and strategic roster planning, ultimately shaping the franchise’s long-term competitive prospects.

8. Contribution to league evolution

The influx of National Basketball Association players born in 2003 represents more than a simple addition of personnel; it signifies a potential shift in the league’s competitive landscape and playing style. These individuals, shaped by evolving training methodologies and a rapidly changing basketball environment, contribute uniquely to the ongoing evolution of the sport.

  • Adaptation of New Playing Styles

    The athletes arriving from the 2003 birth year often exhibit familiarity with modern, positionless basketball, characterized by versatile skill sets and enhanced perimeter shooting. Their integration can accelerate the adoption of these styles across the league, prompting established players to diversify their skill sets and challenging traditional positional archetypes. This adaptation can lead to more fluid and dynamic offensive systems, emphasizing spacing, ball movement, and multi-faceted players.

  • Integration of Advanced Analytics

    This cohort has grown up immersed in the era of advanced analytics, likely possessing a greater understanding of efficiency metrics and data-driven decision-making. Their awareness can influence how teams approach game strategy, player development, and roster construction, promoting a more analytical and optimized approach to the sport. Their intuitive understanding of data may lead to a more refined execution of analytically driven game plans and a more critical evaluation of their own performance metrics.

  • Influence of Global Basketball

    Many players from the 2003 birth year have been exposed to international basketball styles and training methodologies, bringing a global perspective to the NBA. This exposure can lead to the adoption of new offensive sets, defensive schemes, and training techniques, enriching the league’s tactical diversity and promoting a more internationalized brand of basketball. Their experiences may facilitate better communication and collaboration with international teammates, further fostering a globalized league environment.

  • Increased Emphasis on Skill Development

    The success of players born in 2003 hinges on their commitment to continuous skill development, setting a precedent for future generations. Their dedication to refining specific skills, such as shooting, ball-handling, and defensive techniques, can inspire other players to adopt a similar mindset. This emphasis on skill development may lead to a league-wide increase in player versatility and overall skill level, pushing the boundaries of what is achievable on the court.

The long-term impact of these individuals on the National Basketball Association remains to be seen. However, their unique experiences and skill sets position them to contribute significantly to the league’s ongoing evolution, potentially reshaping playing styles, strategic approaches, and the overall landscape of professional basketball. Their adaptation and impact will serve as a compelling case study for future generations of NBA talent.

Frequently Asked Questions

This section addresses common inquiries regarding individuals born in 2003 who are currently competing in the National Basketball Association. It aims to provide factual and informative responses, clarifying key aspects of their careers and impact on the league.

Question 1: What are the typical developmental pathways for players from this birth year entering the NBA?

Players from this cohort typically follow one of several developmental pathways, including progression through high school basketball followed by either college basketball for one or more years, participation in professional leagues outside of the NBA (such as the G League or international leagues), or direct entry into the NBA via the draft. The chosen path significantly influences the player’s preparedness and adaptation to the professional level.

Question 2: How does the NBA’s Collective Bargaining Agreement impact players born in 2003?

The Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA) governs the terms of employment for all NBA players, including those born in 2003. The CBA dictates salary scales, contract lengths, free agency rules, and other employment-related matters. The CBA’s rookie scale specifically affects these players, outlining their initial contract terms and salary limitations.

Question 3: What are some common challenges faced by young players transitioning to the NBA?

Young players entering the NBA often encounter challenges related to the increased physicality, speed, and complexity of the professional game. Adaptability to new coaching styles, integrating into established team dynamics, and managing the demands of a rigorous travel schedule are also common hurdles. Furthermore, adjusting to the heightened media scrutiny and financial responsibilities associated with professional sports requires significant maturity and support.

Question 4: How do NBA teams evaluate the potential of players from this age group?

NBA teams employ a multi-faceted evaluation process encompassing scouting reports, statistical analysis, physical assessments, and psychological evaluations. Scouts attend games and practices to assess on-court performance, skill level, and decision-making. Statistical analysis provides quantitative insights into a player’s efficiency and impact. Physical assessments measure athletic attributes such as height, speed, and strength. Psychological evaluations aim to gauge a player’s character, work ethic, and coachability.

Question 5: What role does mentorship play in the development of these young players?

Mentorship from experienced veterans is considered a valuable resource for young players entering the NBA. Mentors provide guidance on navigating the professional environment, adapting to the demands of the league, and developing leadership skills. Formal or informal mentorship relationships can significantly accelerate a young player’s growth and integration into the team.

Question 6: How is success defined for players from this generation in the NBA?

Success in the NBA is a multifaceted concept that extends beyond individual statistics. While scoring averages, rebounding totals, and assist numbers are commonly cited metrics, success also encompasses contributions to team success, leadership qualities, and professional longevity. Players who consistently improve their skills, contribute positively to their team’s culture, and sustain a long and productive career are generally considered successful, regardless of their individual statistical achievements.

This section provides a general overview of common questions regarding individuals born in 2003 who are competing in the NBA. Further research and analysis may be required to gain a more comprehensive understanding of specific players and their individual circumstances.

The next section will explore case studies of particular players from this birth year and analyze their career trajectories.

Insights from NBA Players Born in 2003

This section distills observations gleaned from the experiences of individuals born in 2003 who have transitioned into the National Basketball Association, offering insights applicable to aspiring athletes and those involved in their development.

Tip 1: Prioritize Fundamental Skill Development. A robust foundation in basic skills, such as shooting mechanics, dribbling proficiency, and passing accuracy, is paramount. Neglecting these fundamentals creates limitations that are difficult to overcome at higher levels of competition. Devote substantial time to repetitive practice of these core skills.

Tip 2: Cultivate Adaptability. The ability to adjust to different roles, playing styles, and coaching philosophies is essential for navigating the evolving demands of professional basketball. Develop the capacity to learn quickly, embrace new challenges, and modify your approach based on team needs.

Tip 3: Emphasize Physical Conditioning. The physical demands of the NBA necessitate a rigorous training regimen focused on strength, agility, and endurance. Dedicate significant time to conditioning exercises to enhance performance, prevent injuries, and withstand the rigors of a demanding schedule.

Tip 4: Develop Basketball IQ. Understanding the nuances of the game, including defensive schemes, offensive strategies, and situational awareness, is crucial for making informed decisions on the court. Study game film, seek guidance from experienced players and coaches, and constantly strive to improve your understanding of the game.

Tip 5: Embrace Continuous Learning. The pursuit of improvement should be an ongoing process, requiring a commitment to lifelong learning. Seek feedback from coaches and teammates, analyze your own performance, and proactively identify areas for growth. Never become complacent with your current skill level.

Tip 6: Professionalism both on and off the court is key. Maintaining a high standard of conduct is crucial. Conduct and attitude contribute significantly to team cohesion and personal brand, which are crucial for sustained success.

These insights underscore the importance of a holistic approach to athlete development, encompassing not only physical attributes but also technical skills, mental fortitude, and a commitment to continuous improvement. The consistent application of these principles enhances the likelihood of achieving sustained success in the demanding world of professional basketball.

The following section will summarize the key findings and draw conclusions regarding the influence of players born in 2003 on the NBA.

Conclusion

The exploration of individuals from the 2003 birth year now competing in the National Basketball Association reveals multifaceted insights into player development, adaptation, and strategic integration. Analysis of their early career trajectories, physical attributes, and contributions to team dynamics underscores the evolving nature of the professional basketball landscape. Performance metrics and long-term potential evaluations provide valuable data for assessing their impact and projecting their future influence on the league.

Continued observation of these individuals is warranted to fully ascertain the scope of their contribution to the NBA’s ongoing evolution. Further research should focus on longitudinal data collection and analysis to quantify the impact of their presence on team performance, playing styles, and the development of subsequent generations of players. These athletes present a compelling case study for understanding the dynamics of talent acquisition and development in professional sports.